肺高血圧症治療ガイドライン（2012年改訂版）
Guidelines for Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension（JCS2012）
Guidelines for Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension（JCS2012）
文献
301. Guilleminault C, Tilkian A, Dement WC. The sleep apnea syndromes. Annu Rev Med 1976; 27: 465-484.
302. Skomro RP, Kryger MH. Clinical presentations of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1999; 41: 331-340.
303. Bradley TD, Phillipson EA. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Med Clin North Am 1985; 69: 1169-1185.
304. Laks L, Lehrhaft B, Grunstein RR, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 537-541.
305. Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Pulmonary hemodynamics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Results in 220 consecutive patients.
Chest 1996; 109: 380-386.
306. Niijima M, Kimura H, Edo H, et al. Manifestation of pulmonary hypertension during REM sleep in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit
Care Med 1999; 159:1766-1772.
307. Bady A, Achkar A, Pascal S, et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Thorax 2000; 55: 934-939.
308. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 29; 328: 1230-
1235.
309. 粥川裕平，岡田保．睡眠時無呼吸症候群の疫学．閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群－その病態と臨床．岡田保，粥川裕平（編）. 創造出版，東京 1996: 31-38.
310. The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications (Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson
AL, Quan SF), American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester, IL, 2007.
311. 木村 弘，栗山喬之．睡眠呼吸障害－肺循環障害．呼吸と循環 1998; 46: 1193-1197.
312. Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Prognostic value of lung function and pulmonary haemodynamics in OSA patients treated with CPAP.
Eur Respir J 1999; 13:1091-1096.
313. Palasiewicz G, Sliwinski P, Koziej M, et al. Acute effects of CPAP and BiPAP breathing on pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with obstructive
sleep apnea. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1997; 52: 440-443.
314. Thalhofer S, Dorow P. Central sleep apnea. Respiration 1997; 64: 2-9.
315. Kessler R, Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: prevalence, causes and therapeutic
consequences. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 787-794.
316. Daily PO, Dembitsky WP, Peterson KL, et al. Modifications of techniques and early results of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic
pulmonary embolism. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 93: 221-233.
317. 巽 浩一郎，中西宣文，田邉信宏，他．肺動脈性肺高血圧症（PAH）および慢性血栓塞栓性肺高血圧症．呼吸会誌2010; 48: 551-564.
318. Riedel M, Stanek V, Widimsky J, et al. Longterm follow-up of patients withpulmonary thromboembolism. Late prognosis and evolution of
hemodynamic and respiratory data. Chest 1982; 81: 151-158.
319. 中西宣文，京谷晋吾，佐藤徹，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の 肺血行動態と長期予後に関する検討．日胸疾 1997; 35 589-595.
320. Jamieson SW, Auger WR, Fedullo PF, et al. Experience and results with 150 pulmonary thromboendarterectomy operations over a 29 month period.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993; 106: 116-127.
321. Ando M, Okita Y, Tagusari O, et al. Surgical treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension under profound hypothermia and
circulatory arrest in 24 patients. J card Surg 1999; 14: 377-385.
322. Archibald CJ, Auger WR, Fedullo PF, et al. Long-term outcome after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 523-
528.
323. 安藤太三，山下満，佐藤雅人，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の 外科治療．日外会誌 2005; 106: 252-257.
324. Ogino H, Ando M, Matsuda H, et al. Japanese single-center experience of surgery for chronic thromoboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Ann Thorac
Surg 2006; 82: 630-636.
325. Tanabe N, Sugiura T, Jujo T, et al. Subpleural perfusion as a predictor for a poor surgical outcome in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Chest 2012; 141:929-934.
326. Ishida K, Masuda M, Tanabe N, et al. Long-term outcome after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. J
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144: 321-326.
327. Feinstein JA, Goldhaber SZ, Lock JE, et al. Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Circulation 2001;103: 10-13.
328. Sugimura K, Fukumoto Y, Satoh K, et al. Percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty markedly improves pulmonary hemodynamics and long-
term prognosis in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circ J 2012; 76: 485-488.
329. Kataoka M, Inami T, Hayashida K, et al. Percutaneous Transluminal Pulmonary Angioplasty for the Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary
Hypertension. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2012 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print]
330. Mizoguchi H, Ogawa A, Munemasa M, et al. Refined Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for Inoperable Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary
Hypertension. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2012 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]
331. Ghofrani HA, Hoeper MM, Halank M. Riociguat for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension: a phase II
study. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: 792-799.
332. 三重野龍彦，青木茂行，管間康夫，他．肺血栓塞栓症1.本邦における肺血栓塞栓症の疫学的検討（日本病理剖検輯報に基づいて）．日胸疾会誌 1988; 26:
448-456.
333. Moser KM, Auger WR, Fedullo PF. Chronic major-vessel thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 1990; 81: 1735-1742.
334. Pengo V, Lensing AW, Prins MH, et al. Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2004;
350: 2257-2264.
335. Condliffe R, Kiely DG, Gibbs JS, et al. Improved outcomes in medically and surgically treated chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177: 1122-1127.
336. Gallie N, Kim NHS. Pulmonary microvascular disease in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Pro Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 571-576.
337. Kominami S, Tanabe N, Ota M, et al. HLA-DPB1 and NFKBIL1 may confer the susceptibility to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
in the absence of deep vein thrombosis. J Human Genet 2009; 54: 108-114.
338. Hoeper MM, Barbera JA, Channick RN, et al. Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of non-pulmonary arterial hypertension pulmonary hypertension.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: S85-S96.
339. Auger WR, Fedullo PF, Moser KM, et al. Chronic majorvessel thromboembolic pulmonary artery obstruction: appearance at angiography. Radiology
1992; 182: 393-398.
340. Yoshimi S, Tanabe N, Masuda M, et al. Survival and quality of life in peripheral type chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circ J 2008; 72:
958-965.
341. 由谷親夫，今北正美，植田初江，他．肺血栓塞栓症の病理．病理と臨床 1991; 9: 990-996.
342. Ono F, Nagaya N, Okumura H, et al. Effect of orally active prostacyclin analogue on survival in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary
hypertension without major vessel obstruction. Chest 2003; 123: 1583-1588.
343. Suntharalingam J, Treacy CM, Doughty NJ, et al. Longterm use of sildenafil in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest
2008; 134: 229-236.
344. Nagaya N, Sasaki N, Ando M, et al. Prostacyclin therapy before pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in patients with chronic thromboembolic
pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2003; 123: 338-343.
345. Bresser P, Fedullo PF, Auger WR, et al. Continuous intravenous epoprostenol for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir
J 2004; 23: 595-600.
346. Hoeper MM, Kramm T, Heinrike W, et al. Bosentan therapy for inoperable chronic thromoboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2005; 128: 2363-
2367.
347. Bonderman D, Nowotny R, Skoro-Sajer N, et al. Bosentan therapy for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2005; 128:
2599-2603.
348. Jaïs X, D’Armini AM, Jansa P, et al. Bosentan for treatment of inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: BENEFiT (Bosentan
Effects in iNopErable Forms of chronIc Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension), a randomized, placebo- controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol
2008; 52: 2127-2134.
349. Jensen KW, Kerr KM, Fedullo PF, et al. Pulmonary hypertensive medical therapy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension before
pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Circulation 2009; 120: 1248-1254.
350. Reesink HJ, Surie S, Kloek JJ, et al. Bosentan as a bridge to pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 1:85-91.
351. Voorburg JA, Cats VM, Buis B, et al. Balloon angioplasty in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension caused by pulmonary embolism. Chest 1988;
94: 1249-1253.
352. Jamieson SW. Treatment of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. 静脈学 1995; 6: 1-12.
353. Ando M, Takamoto S, Okita Y, et al. Surgery for chronic pulmonary thrombo-embolism accompanied by thrombophylia in eight patients.
Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66:1919-1924.
354. 安藤太三．肺血栓塞栓症の外科的治療―手術からみた急性例と慢性例の相違点―．Ther Res 2002; 23: 667-674.
355. Thistlethwaite PA, Mo M, Madani MM, et al. Operative classification of thromboembolic disease determines outcome after pulmonary endarterectomy.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002; 124: 1203-1211.
356. Jamieson SW, Kapelanski DP, Sakakibara N, et al. Pulmonary endarterectomy: experience and lessons learned in 1,500 cases. Ann Thorac Surg
2003; 76: 1457-1464.
357. Fedullo PF, Auger WR, Channick RN, et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Clin Chest Med 2001; 22: 561-581.
358. Daily PO, Dembitsky WP, Iversen S. Technique of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary embolism. J Cardiac Surg 1989;
4: 10-24.
359. 茂木健司，増田政久，林田直樹，他．胸骨正中切開到達法による慢性肺動脈血栓塞栓症の手術．脈管学 1996; 36:443-446.
360. Kramm T, Mayer E, Dahm M, et al. Long-term results after thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary embolism. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg
1999; 15: 579-583.
361. Zoia MC, D’Armini AM, Beccaria M, et al. Mid term effects of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy on clinical and cardiopulmonary function status.
Thorax 2002; 57: 608-612.
362. Menzel T, Kramm T, Wagner S, et al. Improvement of tricuspid regurgitation after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;
73: 756-761.
363. Lee KC, Cho YL, Lee SY. Reperfusion pulmonary edema after pulmonary endarterectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39: 97-101.
364. Fedullo PF, Auger WR, Channik RN, et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Clin Chest Med 2001; 22: 561-581.
365. Tanabe N, Sugiura T, Tatsumi K. Recent progress in diagnosis and management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Respir Invest
2013 (submitted).
366. Mayer E, Jenkins D, Lindner J, , et al. Surgical management and outcome of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: results
from an international prospective registry. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 141:702-710.
367. Thistlethwaite PA, Kaneko K, Madani MM, et al. Technique and outcomes of pulmonary endarterectomy surgery. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;
14: 274-282.
368. Bonderman D, Skoro-Sajer N, Jakowitsch J, et al. Predictors of outcome in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 2007; 115:
2153-2158.
369. 安藤太三，山下満，佐藤雅人，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の外科治療．日外会誌 2005; 106: 252-257．
370. 安藤太三．末梢型慢性肺血栓塞栓症に対する血栓内膜摘除術．呼吸と循環 2012; 60: 39-48.
302. Skomro RP, Kryger MH. Clinical presentations of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1999; 41: 331-340.
303. Bradley TD, Phillipson EA. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Med Clin North Am 1985; 69: 1169-1185.
304. Laks L, Lehrhaft B, Grunstein RR, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 537-541.
305. Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Pulmonary hemodynamics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Results in 220 consecutive patients.
Chest 1996; 109: 380-386.
306. Niijima M, Kimura H, Edo H, et al. Manifestation of pulmonary hypertension during REM sleep in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit
Care Med 1999; 159:1766-1772.
307. Bady A, Achkar A, Pascal S, et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Thorax 2000; 55: 934-939.
308. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 29; 328: 1230-
1235.
309. 粥川裕平，岡田保．睡眠時無呼吸症候群の疫学．閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群－その病態と臨床．岡田保，粥川裕平（編）. 創造出版，東京 1996: 31-38.
310. The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications (Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson
AL, Quan SF), American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester, IL, 2007.
311. 木村 弘，栗山喬之．睡眠呼吸障害－肺循環障害．呼吸と循環 1998; 46: 1193-1197.
312. Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Prognostic value of lung function and pulmonary haemodynamics in OSA patients treated with CPAP.
Eur Respir J 1999; 13:1091-1096.
313. Palasiewicz G, Sliwinski P, Koziej M, et al. Acute effects of CPAP and BiPAP breathing on pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with obstructive
sleep apnea. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1997; 52: 440-443.
314. Thalhofer S, Dorow P. Central sleep apnea. Respiration 1997; 64: 2-9.
315. Kessler R, Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: prevalence, causes and therapeutic
consequences. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 787-794.
316. Daily PO, Dembitsky WP, Peterson KL, et al. Modifications of techniques and early results of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic
pulmonary embolism. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 93: 221-233.
317. 巽 浩一郎，中西宣文，田邉信宏，他．肺動脈性肺高血圧症（PAH）および慢性血栓塞栓性肺高血圧症．呼吸会誌2010; 48: 551-564.
318. Riedel M, Stanek V, Widimsky J, et al. Longterm follow-up of patients withpulmonary thromboembolism. Late prognosis and evolution of
hemodynamic and respiratory data. Chest 1982; 81: 151-158.
319. 中西宣文，京谷晋吾，佐藤徹，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の 肺血行動態と長期予後に関する検討．日胸疾 1997; 35 589-595.
320. Jamieson SW, Auger WR, Fedullo PF, et al. Experience and results with 150 pulmonary thromboendarterectomy operations over a 29 month period.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993; 106: 116-127.
321. Ando M, Okita Y, Tagusari O, et al. Surgical treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension under profound hypothermia and
circulatory arrest in 24 patients. J card Surg 1999; 14: 377-385.
322. Archibald CJ, Auger WR, Fedullo PF, et al. Long-term outcome after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 523-
528.
323. 安藤太三，山下満，佐藤雅人，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の 外科治療．日外会誌 2005; 106: 252-257.
324. Ogino H, Ando M, Matsuda H, et al. Japanese single-center experience of surgery for chronic thromoboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Ann Thorac
Surg 2006; 82: 630-636.
325. Tanabe N, Sugiura T, Jujo T, et al. Subpleural perfusion as a predictor for a poor surgical outcome in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Chest 2012; 141:929-934.
326. Ishida K, Masuda M, Tanabe N, et al. Long-term outcome after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. J
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144: 321-326.
327. Feinstein JA, Goldhaber SZ, Lock JE, et al. Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Circulation 2001;103: 10-13.
328. Sugimura K, Fukumoto Y, Satoh K, et al. Percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty markedly improves pulmonary hemodynamics and long-
term prognosis in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circ J 2012; 76: 485-488.
329. Kataoka M, Inami T, Hayashida K, et al. Percutaneous Transluminal Pulmonary Angioplasty for the Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary
Hypertension. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2012 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print]
330. Mizoguchi H, Ogawa A, Munemasa M, et al. Refined Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for Inoperable Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary
Hypertension. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2012 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]
331. Ghofrani HA, Hoeper MM, Halank M. Riociguat for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension: a phase II
study. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: 792-799.
332. 三重野龍彦，青木茂行，管間康夫，他．肺血栓塞栓症1.本邦における肺血栓塞栓症の疫学的検討（日本病理剖検輯報に基づいて）．日胸疾会誌 1988; 26:
448-456.
333. Moser KM, Auger WR, Fedullo PF. Chronic major-vessel thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 1990; 81: 1735-1742.
334. Pengo V, Lensing AW, Prins MH, et al. Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2004;
350: 2257-2264.
335. Condliffe R, Kiely DG, Gibbs JS, et al. Improved outcomes in medically and surgically treated chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Am J
Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177: 1122-1127.
336. Gallie N, Kim NHS. Pulmonary microvascular disease in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Pro Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 571-576.
337. Kominami S, Tanabe N, Ota M, et al. HLA-DPB1 and NFKBIL1 may confer the susceptibility to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
in the absence of deep vein thrombosis. J Human Genet 2009; 54: 108-114.
338. Hoeper MM, Barbera JA, Channick RN, et al. Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of non-pulmonary arterial hypertension pulmonary hypertension.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: S85-S96.
339. Auger WR, Fedullo PF, Moser KM, et al. Chronic majorvessel thromboembolic pulmonary artery obstruction: appearance at angiography. Radiology
1992; 182: 393-398.
340. Yoshimi S, Tanabe N, Masuda M, et al. Survival and quality of life in peripheral type chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circ J 2008; 72:
958-965.
341. 由谷親夫，今北正美，植田初江，他．肺血栓塞栓症の病理．病理と臨床 1991; 9: 990-996.
342. Ono F, Nagaya N, Okumura H, et al. Effect of orally active prostacyclin analogue on survival in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary
hypertension without major vessel obstruction. Chest 2003; 123: 1583-1588.
343. Suntharalingam J, Treacy CM, Doughty NJ, et al. Longterm use of sildenafil in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest
2008; 134: 229-236.
344. Nagaya N, Sasaki N, Ando M, et al. Prostacyclin therapy before pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in patients with chronic thromboembolic
pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2003; 123: 338-343.
345. Bresser P, Fedullo PF, Auger WR, et al. Continuous intravenous epoprostenol for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir
J 2004; 23: 595-600.
346. Hoeper MM, Kramm T, Heinrike W, et al. Bosentan therapy for inoperable chronic thromoboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2005; 128: 2363-
2367.
347. Bonderman D, Nowotny R, Skoro-Sajer N, et al. Bosentan therapy for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2005; 128:
2599-2603.
348. Jaïs X, D’Armini AM, Jansa P, et al. Bosentan for treatment of inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: BENEFiT (Bosentan
Effects in iNopErable Forms of chronIc Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension), a randomized, placebo- controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol
2008; 52: 2127-2134.
349. Jensen KW, Kerr KM, Fedullo PF, et al. Pulmonary hypertensive medical therapy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension before
pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Circulation 2009; 120: 1248-1254.
350. Reesink HJ, Surie S, Kloek JJ, et al. Bosentan as a bridge to pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Thorac
Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 1:85-91.
351. Voorburg JA, Cats VM, Buis B, et al. Balloon angioplasty in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension caused by pulmonary embolism. Chest 1988;
94: 1249-1253.
352. Jamieson SW. Treatment of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. 静脈学 1995; 6: 1-12.
353. Ando M, Takamoto S, Okita Y, et al. Surgery for chronic pulmonary thrombo-embolism accompanied by thrombophylia in eight patients.
Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66:1919-1924.
354. 安藤太三．肺血栓塞栓症の外科的治療―手術からみた急性例と慢性例の相違点―．Ther Res 2002; 23: 667-674.
355. Thistlethwaite PA, Mo M, Madani MM, et al. Operative classification of thromboembolic disease determines outcome after pulmonary endarterectomy.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002; 124: 1203-1211.
356. Jamieson SW, Kapelanski DP, Sakakibara N, et al. Pulmonary endarterectomy: experience and lessons learned in 1,500 cases. Ann Thorac Surg
2003; 76: 1457-1464.
357. Fedullo PF, Auger WR, Channick RN, et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Clin Chest Med 2001; 22: 561-581.
358. Daily PO, Dembitsky WP, Iversen S. Technique of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary embolism. J Cardiac Surg 1989;
4: 10-24.
359. 茂木健司，増田政久，林田直樹，他．胸骨正中切開到達法による慢性肺動脈血栓塞栓症の手術．脈管学 1996; 36:443-446.
360. Kramm T, Mayer E, Dahm M, et al. Long-term results after thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary embolism. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg
1999; 15: 579-583.
361. Zoia MC, D’Armini AM, Beccaria M, et al. Mid term effects of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy on clinical and cardiopulmonary function status.
Thorax 2002; 57: 608-612.
362. Menzel T, Kramm T, Wagner S, et al. Improvement of tricuspid regurgitation after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;
73: 756-761.
363. Lee KC, Cho YL, Lee SY. Reperfusion pulmonary edema after pulmonary endarterectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39: 97-101.
364. Fedullo PF, Auger WR, Channik RN, et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Clin Chest Med 2001; 22: 561-581.
365. Tanabe N, Sugiura T, Tatsumi K. Recent progress in diagnosis and management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Respir Invest
2013 (submitted).
366. Mayer E, Jenkins D, Lindner J, , et al. Surgical management and outcome of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: results
from an international prospective registry. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 141:702-710.
367. Thistlethwaite PA, Kaneko K, Madani MM, et al. Technique and outcomes of pulmonary endarterectomy surgery. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;
14: 274-282.
368. Bonderman D, Skoro-Sajer N, Jakowitsch J, et al. Predictors of outcome in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 2007; 115:
2153-2158.
369. 安藤太三，山下満，佐藤雅人，他．慢性肺血栓塞栓症の外科治療．日外会誌 2005; 106: 252-257．
370. 安藤太三．末梢型慢性肺血栓塞栓症に対する血栓内膜摘除術．呼吸と循環 2012; 60: 39-48.